The first raw material that we look for in our kitchen is oil. Yes, oil makes the Indian kitchen distinct and tasty with its flavor-enhancing properties. India is the 20th largest producer of oil but ranks 3rd for oil consumption globally, strange! Well, it's not a matter of surprise though as Indian cuisines simply demand high consumption of edible oil.
Do you know? Edible palm oil is a highly demanded oil in India as well as in the whole world. Also, palm oil constitutes a significant proportion [55%] of the total oil imports from India.
The primary use of edible oil is cooking and frying. But this oil palm is majorly not used in the kitchen. Its main role is in the domestic market for several reasons.
Let us know more about this oil.
Content
What Does the Term Edible Oil Mean?
Know About Oil Palm.
Versatile Uses of Palm Oil.
Why only Palm Oil is Preferred Over Other Oils?
Cultivation and Harvesting Practices.
Oil Extraction Process.
Country - Global Share Percent.
Why Palm Production Vary Region-to-Region?
Controversies
What Does the Term Edible Oil Mean?
As the word suggests, edible oils are the kind of vegetable oils that we use in our daily life for cooking or intake by using in different recipes for different purposes. They are extracted from vegetables, fruits generally liquid at room temperature. Edible oils are deliberately refined before use to give a neutral taste and smell.
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Know About Oil Palm
The scientific name of oil palm is - Elaeis guineensis Jacq.
Family- Arecaceae.
It is an African tree that bears a single stem. It has short branches and blooms little flowers with oval fruits.
When ripe, the fruit gains a reddish-black color and consists of a single oily seed called the kernel.
Versatile Uses of Palm Oil
-Palm oil is used for the cooking and soap industry.
- Besides this, oil is used in every ready-to-eat food material.
Example: chocolates, chips, wafers, ice creams, confectionery, etc.
- Palm oil has high demand as it is widely used as a biofuel.
-Palm oil is inclusively used in almost every cosmetic like lipstick, foundations, moisturizers, etc.
-Used in toothpaste, wax, inks, etc.
Why only Palm Oil is Preferred Over Other Oils?
-It is the most efficient crop as it produces more amount of oil in the same area of land than any other equipment vegetable oil crop would give.
-Palm is an exceptionally productive crop. It yields 10-11 times as much as soybean oil.
-It is semi-solid at room temperature.
-It has natural preservative qualities.
-The palm tree is evergreen and perennial it can produce fruits all year around.
- It is stable at high temperatures that keep edibles crunchy and crispy for a longer period.
- It is odorless and colorless so it doesn't affect the taste and smell of preservative foods.
Cultivation and Harvesting Practices
-Viable palm seeds are selected and kept in a suitable environment for germination.
-After germination, these seeds are planted for a temporary basis (for about 30 days ) until they become seedlings.
-Once attaining required growth they are transplanted into the main field.
-The space between each seedling is kept 1 meter.
- Palm trees give their first palm fruit harvest at 3.5 years.
- Farmers cut their branches from time to time until they reach a certain height as if the branches grow profusely it will affect the tree's height and yield.
-These beaches and palm leaves are used as nutrients sources for mushroom plantations after harvesting.
- yield around 4 tonnes of oil per hectare.
#cultivation method #yield #yield #crop requirements.
Oil Extraction Process
After extracting seeds from the fruit, the fleshy part [mesocarp] is pressed to extract oil palm. This fruit pericarp consists of carotene that is the reason for the highly colored commercial oil palm.
The kernels [seeds] of the fruits are pressed by mechanical presses to extract palm kernel oil that differs in chemical composition from oil palm.
Major palm oil-producing countries
Country - Global Share Percent.
Indonesia - 58
Malaysia. - 26
Thailand. - 4
Cambodia. - 2
Indonesia and Malaysia contribute - 85% of total global palm oil production.
India imports palm oil from Malaysia and then from Indonesia (as per the 2021 report).
Why is Palm Production Vary Region-to-Region?
- Palm tree needs a lot of light and water that's the reason why palm production is very much high in the Southeast Asian region, mainly in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Cambodia.
-Also, palm production needs a large area with high water resources and it is another reason for low palm production in India as Indian states don't have that many large pieces of land with high underground water quantity.
Why in the News?
-India is proceeding towards a self-sufficient oil palm production unit and for this particular aim, a commendable step is taken by P.M. Modi in the year2021.
Recently he launched a scheme named NEOM-OP: National Edible Oil Mission -Oil Palm for pushing oil production in the country.
It is a central sector scheme for which the government has given a budget of rupees 11040 crores to enhance tremendous palm crop production.
Andaman and Nicobar islands administration is targeting to achieve oil palm coverage of 10 lakh hectares from the currently 3.70 lakh hectare coverage.
#current news #government initiatives #assistance provided
Controversies
-This oil consists of a high amount of saturated and unsaturated fats.
Palm oil contains approximately-
50 percent. - saturated fatty acids.
40percent. - unsaturated fatty acids.
10percent. - polyunsaturated linoleic acid.
Due to the relatively large amount of saturated acids that lead to a high risk of heart diseases palm oil is considered the worst kind of edible oil.
- Medical professionals claim this oil for the reason of increasing diabetic and heart-related problems in the young generations.
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Wow 👏👏very informative